Cohousing is a type of collaborative housing that combines the benefits of private home ownership with shared community spaces and common facilities. Each home has its own private kitchen, dining room, living room, bathrooms, and bedrooms, just like a typical house, but cohousing developments typically have a common kitchen, dining room, and other shared amenities that are shared by the entire community.

These spaces are normally located in a "common house", which may also include recreational space, meeting rooms, a library, workshops, storage areas, and children's play areas. The common house is owned by all the residents, and sees a lot more use than your average "community house" in a traditional development or condominium complex.

Cohousing communities are considered "intentional neighborhoods"; that is, the residents are consciously committed to building and supporting a community. Most cohousing developments are designed in such a way as to reduce the impact on the enviroment and surrounding neighborhoods. This is achieved through careful planning and layout design, clustering dwellings close together around a green, pedestrian street, or courtyard, and relegating parking and automobiles to the periphery.

"People living in cohousing share no ideology other than they want to know their neighbors very well."

1. PARTICIPATORY PROCESS. Future residents participate in the design of the community so that it meets their needs. Some cohousing communities are initiated or driven by a developer, which may actually make it easier for more future residents to participate. However, a well-designed, pedestrian-oriented community without resident participation in the planning may be "cohousing-inspired," but it is not a cohousing community.
2. NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN. The physical layout and orientation of the buildings (the site plan) encourages a sense of community. For example, the private residences are clustered on the site leaving more shared open space, the dwellings typically face each other across a pedestrian street or courtyard, and/or cars are parked on the periphery. The common house is often visible from the front door of every dwelling. But more important than any of these specifics is that the intent is to create a strong sense of community with design as one of the facilitators.
3. COMMON FACILITIES. Common facilities are designed for daily use, are an integral part of the community, and are always supplemental to the private residences. The common house typically includes a common kitchen, dining area, sitting area, children's playroom and laundry and may also have a workshop, library, exercise room, crafts room and/or one or two guest rooms. Except on very tight urban sites, cohousing communities often have playground equipment, lawns, and gardens as well. Since the buildings are clustered, larger sites may retain several or many acres of undeveloped shared open space.
4. RESIDENT MANAGEMENT. Cohousing communities are managed by their residents. Residents also do most of the work required to maintain the property, participate in the preparation of common meals and meet regularly to develop policies and do problem-solving for the community.
5. NON-HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE AND DECISION-MAKING. In cohousing communities there are leadership roles, but no one person or persons who has authority over others. Most groups start with one or two "burning souls" but as people join the group, each person takes on one or more roles consistent with his or her skills, abilities or interests. Most cohousing groups make all of their decisions by consensus, and although many groups have a policy for voting if consensus cannot be reached after a number of attempts, it is very rarely or never necessary to resort to voting.
6. NO SHARED COMMUNITY ECONOMY. The community is not a source of income for its members. Occasionally, a cohousing community will pay one of its own members to do a specific (usually time limited) task, but more typically the task will simply be considered to be that member's contribution to the shared responsibilities.

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